164 lines
6.5 KiB
Markdown
164 lines
6.5 KiB
Markdown
## Build AOSP
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### Build compile environment
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1. Install Ubuntu 18.04
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2. Install packages: `sudo apt-get install git-core gnupg flex bison build-essential zip curl zlib1g-dev gcc-multilib g++-multilib libc6-dev-i386 lib32ncurses5-dev x11proto-core-dev libx11-dev lib32z1-dev libgl1-mesa-dev libxml2-utils xsltproc unzip fontconfig`
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- https://source.android.com/setup/build/initializing
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3. Install Repo
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```
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mkdir ~/bin
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PATH=~/bin:$PATH
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curl https://storage.googleapis.com/git-repo-downloads/repo > ~/bin/repo ;\
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chmod a+x ~/bin/repo ;\
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gpg --recv-key 8BB9AD793E8E6153AF0F9A4416530D5E920F5C65 ;\
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curl https://storage.googleapis.com/git-repo-downloads/repo.asc | gpg --verify - ~/bin/repo
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```
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- https://source.android.com/setup/develop#installing-repo
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4. Download AOSP source
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1. Create folder for AOSP
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```
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mkdir -p ~/codes/aosp ; cd ~/codes/aosp
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```
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2. Setup git
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```
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git config --global user.name AwinHuang ;\
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git config --global user.email awinhuang@gmail.com
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```
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3. Download source code
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```
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repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest ;\
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repo sync -j8
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```
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- 如果要切換某一個特定版本可以使用`-b`，例如：`repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest -b android-10.0.0_r47`。
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- 要知道版本tag可以查看：https://source.android.com/setup/start/build-numbers#source-code-tags-and-builds
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5. Build code
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```
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source build/envsetup.sh ;\
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lunch aosp_arm-eng ;\
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make clobber ;\
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make -j16
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```
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- `make clobber`用來刪除build資料夾
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### Reference
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- [GitHub - henrymorgen/android-knowledge-system: Android应用开发最强原创知识体系](https://github.com/henrymorgen/android-knowledge-system)
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- [Android AOSP基础（二）AOSP源码和内核源码下载 | BATcoder - 刘望舒](http://liuwangshu.cn/framework/aosp/2-download-aosp.html)
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- [Android AOSP基础（三）Android系统源码的整编和单编 | BATcoder - 刘望舒](http://liuwangshu.cn/framework/aosp/3-compiling-aosp.html)
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## Build kernel
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1. Download the code
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```
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mkdir -p ~/codes/kernel ;\
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cd ~/codes/kernel ;\
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repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/manifest ;\
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repo sync -j16
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```
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2. Compile
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```
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build/build.sh
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```
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- 如果遇到`Command 'java' not found, but can be installed with:`
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- 依序安裝
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- `sudo apt install default-jre`
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- `sudo apt install openjdk-11-jre-headless`
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- `sudo apt install openjdk-8-jre-headless`
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- 執行 `sudo update-alternatives --config java`
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- 選擇 `/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64/bin/java`
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- 再次compile
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- `source build/envsetup.sh`
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- `mm idegen`
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3. 產生android.iml和android.ipr
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在source code跟目錄下執行：`development/tools/idegen/idegen.sh`
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### Reference
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- [Android kernel源码下载与编译](https://blog.csdn.net/u010164190/article/details/106561022)
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## Android App programming
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- R的全名：`<PACKAGE_NAME> + .R`，例如package name是`com.awin.testapp`，那全名是`com.awin.testapp.R`。
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- AndroidX = Android eXtension
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- Layout
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- layout_margin: 物件與其他物件的距離
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- layout_gravity: 物件在容器內的位置（靠左、靠右、置中...）
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- textApperance: 字型大小
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- Extensions
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- Android 4.1 沒有自動加入的extension
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- 打開build.gradle，在`plugins`區塊中加入：
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```
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id 'kotlin-kapt'
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id 'kotlin-android-extensions'
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```
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- 使用ViewModel & LiveData
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- 確認有 `kotlin-kapt` 這個plugin。
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![[Pasted image 20210330102148.png]]
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- [Android jetpack所有library](https://developer.android.com/jetpack/androidx/explorer)
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- [Android jetpack - Lifecycle](https://developer.android.com/jetpack/androidx/releases/lifecycle)
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- 從`Declaring dependencies`這區塊複製必要的module
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![[Pasted image 20210330110411.png]]
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```
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def lifecycle_version = "2.3.1"
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// ViewModel
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implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:$lifecycle_version"
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// LiveData
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implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:$lifecycle_version"
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// Annotation processor
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kapt "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-compiler:$lifecycle_version"
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```
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- Create a ViewModel
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```kotlin
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viewModel = ViewModelProvider(this).get(GuessViewModel::class.java)
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```
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- Observe a live data in ViewModel
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```kotlin
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viewModel.counter.observe(this, Observer {
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counter.setText(it.toString())
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})
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```
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counter這個變數是包含在ViewModel裡面的live data，我們的資料則是放在counter裡面的「value」。
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所以如果要取用我們的data，則是：`viewModel.counter.value`。
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- 使用LiveData
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- `val counter = MutableLiveData<Int>()`
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### Use ViewBinding
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ViewBinding is used to replace Kotlin Synthetics.
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1. 在`app/build.gradle`中加入：
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```
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plugins {
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...
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id 'kotlin-parcelize' <-- Add this
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}
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android {
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...
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buildFeatures { <-- Add this
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viewBinding true
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}
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...
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}
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```
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2. 在你的activity裡面
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1. `import <APP_DOMAIN_NAME>.databinding.<ACTIVITY_NAME>Binding`
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假如：APP_DOMAIN_NAME是`com.example.testmultisectioncyclerview`，ACTIVITY_NAME是`ActivityMain`，那就是：
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`import com.example.testmultisectioncyclerview.databinding.ActivityMainBinding`
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2. 用`lateinit`宣告一個變數，變數名稱是activity的名字加上binding，例如`ActivityMain`就是：
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`private lateinit var activityBinding: ActivityMainBinding`
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3. 在`onCreate()`中，就可以用`activityBinding`來取得view與其他元件了：
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```
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activityBinding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)
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setContentView(activityBinding.root) <-- root就是view
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```
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## ADB usage
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- [如何透過 adb command line 指令啟動 Android App](https://kkboxsqa.wordpress.com/2014/08/20/%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E9%80%8F%E9%81%8E-adb-command-line-%E6%8C%87%E4%BB%A4%E5%95%9F%E5%8B%95-android-app/)
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# MISC
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## 教學文
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- [Android Template 小技巧 及 寫程式常見的問題](https://www.eeaseries.com/2021/01/android-template.html?m=1)
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- [Jetpack Compose 基础知识](https://developers.google.com/codelabs/jetpack-compose-basics?hl=zh-cn#0)
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- [一文带你了解适配Android 11分区存储](https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/354632087) |