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Obsidian-Main/20.1. Android/Android programming.md

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Build AOSP

Build compile environment

  1. Install Ubuntu 18.04
  2. Install packages: sudo apt-get install git-core gnupg flex bison build-essential zip curl zlib1g-dev gcc-multilib g++-multilib libc6-dev-i386 lib32ncurses5-dev x11proto-core-dev libx11-dev lib32z1-dev libgl1-mesa-dev libxml2-utils xsltproc unzip fontconfig
  3. Install Repo
    mkdir ~/bin
    PATH=~/bin:$PATH
    curl https://storage.googleapis.com/git-repo-downloads/repo > ~/bin/repo ;\
    chmod a+x ~/bin/repo ;\
    gpg --recv-key 8BB9AD793E8E6153AF0F9A4416530D5E920F5C65 ;\
    curl https://storage.googleapis.com/git-repo-downloads/repo.asc | gpg --verify - ~/bin/repo
    
  4. Download AOSP source
    1. Create folder for AOSP
      mkdir -p ~/codes/aosp ; cd ~/codes/aosp
      
    2. Setup git
      git config --global user.name AwinHuang ;\
      git config --global user.email awinhuang@gmail.com
      
    3. Download source code
      repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest ;\
      repo sync -j8
      
  5. Build code
    source build/envsetup.sh ;\
    lunch aosp_arm-eng ;\
    make clobber  ;\
    make -j16
    
    • make clobber用來刪除build資料夾

Reference

Build kernel

  1. Download the code

    mkdir -p ~/codes/kernel ;\
    cd ~/codes/kernel ;\
    repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/manifest ;\
    repo sync -j16
    
  2. Compile

    build/build.sh
    
    • 如果遇到Command 'java' not found, but can be installed with:
      • 依序安裝
        • sudo apt install default-jre
        • sudo apt install openjdk-11-jre-headless
        • sudo apt install openjdk-8-jre-headless
      • 執行 sudo update-alternatives --config java
        • 選擇 /usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64/bin/java
      • 再次compile
        • source build/envsetup.sh
        • mm idegen
  3. 產生android.iml和android.ipr 在source code跟目錄下執行development/tools/idegen/idegen.sh

Reference

Android App programming

  • R的全名<PACKAGE_NAME> + .R例如package name是com.awin.testapp,那全名是com.awin.testapp.R

  • AndroidX = Android eXtension

  • Layout

    • layout_margin: 物件與其他物件的距離
    • layout_gravity: 物件在容器內的位置(靠左、靠右、置中...
    • textApperance: 字型大小
  • Extensions

    • Android 4.1 沒有自動加入的extension
    • 打開build.gradleplugins區塊中加入:
      id 'kotlin-kapt'  
      id 'kotlin-android-extensions'
      
  • 使用ViewModel & LiveData

    • 確認有 kotlin-kapt 這個plugin。 !Pasted image 20210330102148.png

    • Android jetpack所有library

    • Android jetpack - Lifecycle

    • Declaring dependencies這區塊複製必要的module !Pasted image 20210330110411.png

      def lifecycle_version = "2.3.1"
      
      // ViewModel
      implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:$lifecycle_version"
      // LiveData
      implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:$lifecycle_version"
      // Annotation processor
      kapt "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-compiler:$lifecycle_version"
      
    • Create a ViewModel

      viewModel = ViewModelProvider(this).get(GuessViewModel::class.java)
      
    • Observe a live data in ViewModel

      viewModel.counter.observe(this, Observer {
          counter.setText(it.toString())
      })
      

      counter這個變數是包含在ViewModel裡面的live data我們的資料則是放在counter裡面的「value」。 所以如果要取用我們的data則是viewModel.counter.value

  • 使用LiveData

    • val counter = MutableLiveData<Int>()

Use ViewBinding

ViewBinding is used to replace Kotlin Synthetics.

  1. app/build.gradle中加入:
    plugins {  
        ...
        id 'kotlin-parcelize'  <-- Add this
    }
    
    android {
        ...
        buildFeatures {        <-- Add this
            viewBinding true
        }
        ...
    }
    
  2. 在你的activity裡面
    1. import <APP_DOMAIN_NAME>.databinding.<ACTIVITY_NAME>Binding 假如APP_DOMAIN_NAME是com.example.testmultisectioncyclerviewACTIVITY_NAME是ActivityMain,那就是: import com.example.testmultisectioncyclerview.databinding.ActivityMainBinding
    2. lateinit宣告一個變數變數名稱是activity的名字加上binding例如ActivityMain就是: private lateinit var activityBinding: ActivityMainBinding
    3. onCreate()中,就可以用activityBinding來取得view與其他元件了
      activityBinding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)
      setContentView(activityBinding.root) <-- root就是view
      

ADB usage

MISC

教學文