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20.01. Programming/QT/Application Icon.md Normal file
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## Add icon of application
1. Create a `*.ico` file of whatever you want to use as a logo. I called mine `favicon.ico`.
2. Create a file named `yourapplication.rc`.
3. Add the following line to `yourapplication.rc`: `IDI_ICON1 ICON DISCARDABLE "favicon.ico"`.
4. Add the `*.rc` file to your buildsystem as a source file.
5. Make sure that your `*.exe` ships along side the `favicon.ico` file.
### Source
- [c++ - Set icon for Qt application built in Visual Studio - Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/65818269/set-icon-for-qt-application-built-in-visual-studio)

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20.01. Programming/QT/Dropdown button.md Normal file
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![[Pasted image 20220519094358.png]]
1. Button必須是QToolButton.
2. 建立menu.
3. 建立action.
4. 把action加到menu裡面
5. 把menu設定給button
6. code example:
```cpp
QMenu* saveFrameMenu = new QMenu;
saveRawAction = new QAction(QIcon(QPixmap(":/image/resources/button-raw.png")), "SaveRaw", this);
saveJpgAction = new QAction(QIcon(QPixmap(":/image/resources/button-jpg.png")), "SaveJpg", this);
saveBmpAction = new QAction(QIcon(QPixmap(":/image/resources/button-bmp.png")), "SaveBmp", this);
saveFrameMenu->addAction(saveRawAction);
saveFrameMenu->addAction(saveJpgAction);
saveFrameMenu->addAction(saveBmpAction);
ui.toolButtonSaveFrame->setMenu(saveFrameMenu);
ui.toolButtonSaveFrame->setDefaultAction(saveJpgAction);
ui.toolButtonSaveFrame->setToolButtonStyle(Qt::ToolButtonTextBesideIcon);
ui.toolButtonSaveFrame->setPopupMode(QToolButton::MenuButtonPopup);
```

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20.01. Programming/QT/QTableWidget.md Normal file
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- [Qt之QTableWidget详细使用_qt的setitem_m沉默01的博客-CSDN博客](https://blog.csdn.net/u010780613/article/details/50442639)

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20.01. Programming/QT/QVariant.md Normal file
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Qt有許多UI元件都可以另外設定相依的「資料」，例如`QCombobox`，這樣我們就不必老是依賴選項的文字來做許多麻煩的處理。
例如，`QCombobox.addItem()`可以夾帶一個`QVariant`，這個`QVariant`就可以夾帶一個pointer。
要讓`QVariant`支援`std::shared_ptr`的方式很簡單，只要在你程式的最上方加入你要使用的type就可以，例如，我要支援我自己的class AwSentinelDevice，就這樣寫：
```cpp
#include <memory>
Q_DECLARE_SMART_POINTER_METATYPE(std::shared_ptr);
Q_DECLARE_METATYPE(std::shared_ptr<AwSentinelDevice>);
```

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20.01. Programming/QT/Qt.md Normal file
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## Prepare
### Windows 10 SDK
下載並安裝[Windows 10 SDK](https://developer.microsoft.com/zh-tw/windows/downloads/windows-10-sdk/)，安裝
**Debugging Tools for Windows**就可以了。
![[chrome_20210309_110223_934x685.png]]
然後在QtCreator裡面設置Debugger。
![[NVIDIA_Share_20210309_110738_1920x1080.png]]
### Visual Studio 2017
- ![[Pasted image 20210312144218.png]]
- ![[Pasted image 20210312144242.png]]
- ![[Pasted image 20210312144405.png]]
- ![[Pasted image 20210312144523.png]]
## PRO file 語法
### 導入lib
```
QT += <lib> <lib2>
```
### 導入include path
```
INCLUDEPATH += <INCLUDE_PATH>
```
若使用相對路徑，必須相對於makefile生成的路徑。
也可以使用`$$PWD`來生成絕對路徑，例：
```
INCLUDEPATH += $$PWD/../../include
```
> 可以用`message()`來印出變數：`message($$PWD)`
### 導入lib
用`-L`指定library path，用`-l`指定libraray name。例：
```
LIBS += -L"../../lib" -lopencv_world320
```
### 指定執行目錄
```
DESTDIR += ../../bin
```
### 指定執行檔檔名
```
TARGET = <NEW_FILENAME>
```
- Import QT pro file into Visual Studio.
- `qmake -tp vc <QT_PROJECT_FILE>`
- 使用VS工具import。
## 基本類別（class）
### QIODevice
An abstract class that wraps input and output for most devices
### QDataStream
依序寫入的資料，也可以依序被讀出來。資料會被編碼過，所以用Text editor會看到亂碼。
### QTextStream
可以依序寫入字串，也可以依序被讀出來，因為寫入的是字串，所以用Text editor就可以看到資料。
### QLockFile
創造一個在操作時可以獨佔的檔案。避免race condition的情形。
```cpp
QLockFile lock(fileName() +".lock");
lock.setStaleLockTime(30000);
if(lock.tryLock()) {
...
lock.unlock();
} else {
qInfo() << "Could not lock the file!";
qint64 pid;
QString host;
QString application;
if(lock.getLockInfo(&pid,&host,&application)) {
qInfo() << "The file is locked by:";
qInfo() << "Pid: " << pid;
qInfo() << "Host: " << host;
qInfo() << "Application: " << application;
} else {
qInfo() << "File is locked, but we can't get the info!";
}
}
```
### QtMessageHandler
可以用來重新導向或攔截`qInfo()`、`qDebug()`、`qWarning()`、`qCritical()`、`qFatal()`這些function
```cpp
const QtMessageHandler QT_DEFAULT_MESSAGE_HANDLER = qInstallMessageHandler(nullptr);
void lhandler(QtMsgType type, const QMessageLogContext &context, const QString &msg) {
QString txt;
switch (type) {
case QtInfoMsg:
txt = QString("Info: %1 in %2").arg(msg);
break;
case QtDebugMsg:
txt = QString("Debug: %1").arg(msg);
break;
case QtWarningMsg:
txt = QString("Warning: %1").arg(msg);
break;
case QtCriticalMsg:
txt = QString("Critical: %1").arg(msg);
break;
case QtFatalMsg:
txt = QString("Fatal: %1").arg(msg);
break;
}
...
(*QT_DEFAULT_MESSAGE_HANDLER)(type, context, msg);
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
qInstallMessageHandler(lhandler);
qInfo() << "This is a info message";
qDebug() << "This is a debug message";
qWarning() << "This is a warning message";
qCritical() << "This is a critical message";
qFatal("THIS IS SPARTA!!!");
return a.exec();
}
```
也可以把這機制封裝在class裡面
```cpp
// logger.h
#ifndef LOGGER_H
#define LOGGER_H
#include <QObject>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QFile>
#include <QDateTime>
#include <QDir>
#include <iostream>
#include <QTextStream>
class logger : public QObject
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
explicit logger(QObject *parent = nullptr);
static bool logging;
static QString filename;
static void attach();
static void handler(QtMsgType type, const QMessageLogContext &context, const QString & msg);
signals:
public slots:
};
#endif // LOGGER_H
```
```cpp
// logger.cpp
#include "logger.h"
QString logger::filename = QDir::currentPath() + QDir::separator() + "log.txt";
bool logger::logging = false;
static const QtMessageHandler QT_DEFAULT_MESSAGE_HANDLER = qInstallMessageHandler(nullptr);
logger::logger(QObject *parent) : QObject(parent)
{
}
void logger::attach()
{
logger::logging = true;
qInstallMessageHandler(logger::handler);
}
void logger::handler(QtMsgType type, const QMessageLogContext &context, const QString &msg)
{
// Here, write log message to file
(*QT_DEFAULT_MESSAGE_HANDLER)(type, context, msg);
}
```
### Logging category
Logging category可以用來把輸出的log前面加上一個字串以便分類。
```cpp
#include <QCoreApplication>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QLoggingCategory>
//Declare a logging category
Q_DECLARE_LOGGING_CATEGORY(network);
Q_LOGGING_CATEGORY(network, "network");
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
qInfo() << "test"; // stdout: "test"
qInfo(network) << "test"; // stdout: "network: test"
//turn it off
QLoggingCategory::setFilterRules("network.debug=false");
//Will not log
qDebug(network) << This message will not shown;
if(!network().isDebugEnabled()) {
QLoggingCategory::setFilterRules("network.debug=true");
qDebug(network) << "We turned it back on";
}
qDebug(network) << "You see this because you turn the message on";
return a.exec();
}
```
## QThread
1. 繼承自QThread。
2. 重載`run()`。
3. 呼叫`start()`來開始thread。
## QWidget
### 設定signal與對應的slot
1. 在class header裡面加入`Q_OBJECT`。
2. 在constructor裡，呼叫`connect()`來建立對應關係：`connect(SOURCE_OBJECT, SIGNAL(clicked()), DEST_OBJECT, SLOT(close()))`。
### Postion
1. `QRect geometry();` 取得x, y, width, height
2. `setGeometry();` 設定x, y, width, height
3. `x()`, `y()`, `width()`, `height()` 單獨取得x, y, width, height
4. `move(x, y);` 只設定x, y
5. `resize(width, height);` 只設定width, height
### Window state
1. `setWindowState(Qt::WindowMaximized);`
1. `Qt::WindowMaximized` -> `showMaximized()`
2. `Qt::WindowMinimized` -> `showMinimized()`
3. `Qt::WindowNoState` -> `showNormal()`
4. `Qt::WindowFullScreen` -> `showFullScreen()`
### Window Style
1. `CustomizeWindowHint()`
2. `setWindowFlags(Qt::WindowCloseButtonHint | Qt::WindowMinimizeButtonHint)`
1. Qt::WindowCloseButtonHint
2. Qt::WindowMinimizeButtonHint
3. `setWindowFlag(Qt::WindowCloseButtonHint, false)` // 取消close按鈕
1. Qt::WindowCloseButtonHint
2. Qt::WindowMinimizeButtonHint
4. 沒有邊框的視窗：`setWindowFlags(Qt::FramelessWindowHint)`
5. 透明背景： `setAttribute(Qt::WA_TranslucentBackground, true)`
6. Style sheet: https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/stylesheet-syntax.html#style-rules
### Layout
- QVBoxLayout
```cpp
QVBoxLayout* pVlayout = new QVBoxLayout();
widget->setLayout(pVlayout);
// Add button to layout
QPushButton* button = new QPushButton("My Button");
pVlayout->addWidget(button);
```
- `setContentsMargin()`：設定元與layout的距離
- `setSpacing()`：設定元件與元件之間的距離
- QFormLayout
- Iterate all items
```cpp
QFormLayout* layout = (QFormLayout*)this->layout();
for (int i = 0; i < layout->rowCount(); i++) {
QLayoutItem* item = layout->itemAt(i, QFormLayout::FieldRole);
QWidget* widget = (QWidget*)item->widget();
if (widget) {
QString className = widget->metaObject()->className();
if (className == "QLineEdit") {
QLineEdit* edit = (QLineEdit*)widget;
edit->setText("Text changed");
}
} else {
continue;
}
}
```
#### QSizePolicly
- QSizePolicly::GrowFlag：必要時可以超過
- QSizePolicly::ExpandFlag：放到最大
- QSizePolicly::ShrinkFlag：必要時可以小於建議尺寸
- QSizePolicly::IgnoreFlag：忽略
## QLabel
- `QLabel.setTextIneractionFlags()`：
## QSlider
### Style
#### groove
```
QSlider::groove {
border: 1px solid #999999;
height: 28px;
background: rgba(155, 155, 155, 200);
border-radius: 10px;
}
```
#### handle
```
QSlider::handle {
border: 1px solid #FF0000;
width: 20px;
margin: -10px 0;
background: rgba(255, 0, 0, 200);
border-radius: 10px;
}
```
#### add-page
```
QSlider::add-page {
background: rgba(255, 0, 0, 200);
}
```
#### sub-page
```
QSlider::add-page {
background: rgba(0, 255, 0, 200);
}
```
![[Pasted image 20210318115725.png]]
## QListWidget
- Insert a QLineEdit
```cpp
QLineEdit* lineEdit = new QLineEdit("A line edit here");
ui->listWidget->setItemWidget(new QListWidgetItem("", ui->listWidget), lineEdit);
```
- Insert a QSpinBox
```
QSpinBox* spinBox = new QSpinBox();
ui->listWidget->setItemWidget(new QListWidgetItem("Test item 5", ui->listWidget), spinBox);
```
### Stylesheet example
```
QTableView {
selection-background-color: qlineargradient(x1: 0, y1: 0, x2: 0.5, y2: 0.5, stop: 0 #FF92BB, stop: 1 white);
}
```
```
QTableView QTableCornerButton::section {
background: red;
border: 2px outset red;
}
```
```
QTableView::indicator:unchecked {
background-color: #d7d6d5
}
```
## QTableWidget
- setColumnCount()
- https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qtablewidget.html#setColumnCount
- setHorizontalHeaderItem(column_index, new QTableWidgetItem("Header1"))
- https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qtablewidget.html#setHorizontalHeaderItem
- setColumnWidth(column_index, column_width)
- https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qtableview.html#setColumnWidth
- Bind Header's event
- `connect(ui.tableWidget->horizontalHeader(), SIGNAL(sectionClicked(int)), this, SLOT(SectionClicked(int)));`
- Style
```
QHeaderView::section:checked{ /* Focus */
background-color: rgba(55, 55, 55,255 );
}
QHeaderView::section:hover{ /* 滑鼠懸停 */
background-color: rgba(85, 10, 10,255 );
}
QTableWidget{
background-color: rgb(27, 122, 239);
alternate-background-color: rgb(26, 81, 232);
color:white;
}
```
## QTreeWidget
- Data create & insert
- `insertTopLevelItem(int index, QTreeWidgetItem*)`
- `addTopLevelItem(QTreeWidgetItem*)`
- `new QTreeWidgetItem(QTreeWidget*)`
- Insert widget
- `void setItemWidget(QTreeWidgetItem* item, int column, QWidget* widget)`
- Iterate items
- `QTreeWidgetItem* topLevelItem(int index) const`
- `int topLevelItemCount() const`
- Get item
- `QList<QTreeItemWidget*> selectedItems() const`
- Style
```cpp
/* 有旁節點，沒有與其他元素相鄰 */
QTreeView::branch:has-siblings:!adjoins-item {
border-image: url(vline.png) 0;
}
/* 有旁節點，與其他元素相鄰 */
QTreeView::branch:has-siblings:adjoins-item {
border-image: url(branch-more.png) 0;
}
/* 沒有子節點，沒有旁節點，與其他元素相鄰 */
QTreeView::branch:!has-children:!has-siblings:adjoins-item {
border-image: url(branch-end.png) 0;
}
/* 收合狀態，有子節點，沒有旁節點 */
QTreeView::branch:closed:has-children:!has-siblings,
/* 收合狀態，有子節點，有旁節點 */
QTreeView::branch:closed:has-children:has-siblings {
border-image: none; image: url(branch-closed.png);
}
/* 打開狀態，有子節點，沒有旁節點 */
QTreeView::branch:open:has-children:!has-siblings,
/* 打開狀態，有子節點，有旁節點 */
QTreeView::branch:open:has-children:has-siblings {
border-image: none;
image: url(branch-open.png);
}
```
## QStatusBar
- `showMessage(QString, int miniSeconds)`: 顯示文字，一段時間後消失
## QToolBar
- `addAction(QIcon, QString)`
- `addAction(QString)`
- `setToolButtonStyle(int)`
## QDockWidget
- https://blog.csdn.net/czyt1988/article/details/51209619
## QJson
- [C++(Qt5)入門範例：各種Json範例](https://lolikitty.pixnet.net/blog/post/206254516)
## QFile
Read UTF-8 content from file.
```cpp
QString filename = QString::fromLocal8Bit("testplan中文檔名也可以.json");
QFile file(filename);
if (file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly | QIODevice::Text)) {
QTextStream fileRead(&file);
fileRead.setCodec("UTF-8");
QString fileContent = fileRead.readAll();
printf("fileContent = %s\n", fileContent.toLocal8Bit().toStdString().c_str());
file.close();
parseJson(fileContent);
}
else {
printf("Open failed. %s\n", filename.toLocal8Bit().toStdString().c_str());
}
```
## String
### UTF-8
1. 對於n bytes的字元，第一個byte的前n個bits是1，第n+1個bit是0，第2個byte以後，都以`10`開頭。
1. 例：
2. 1 byte character: 0x0XXXXXXX。
3. 2 bytes character: 0x110XXXXXX 0x10XXXXXX。
4. 3 bytes character: 0x1110XXXXX 0x10XXXXXX 0x10XXXXXX。
5. 4 bytes character: 0x11110XXXX 0x10XXXXXX 0x10XXXXXX 0x10XXXXXX。
2. 例：
1. 「A」是一個1 byte字元，編碼為`0x01000001`。
2. 「Á」是一個2 bytes字元，編碼為`0x11000011 0x10000001`。
3. 「好」是一個3 bytes字元，編碼為`0x11100101 0x10100101 0x10111101`。
3. [UTF-8 to binary轉換網站](https://onlineutf8tools.com/convert-utf8-to-binary)
2. BOM
1. Big endian: `FE FF`
2. Little endian: `FF FE`
### QString
- 16 bits QChar(unsigned short), UNIDODE 4.0
- `==`: compare string
- `isNull()`: If has a value
- `isEmpty()`: If contained value == ""
- `QString::number()`: 接收一個數字，把數字轉為字串。
- `QString::toInt()`、`QString::toDouble()`：把字串轉為Int或Double。
- 讀取UTF-8的字串：
```
codec = QTextCodec::codecFromName("UTF-8");
QTextCodec::setCodecForLocale(codec);
```
然後用`QString::fromLocal8Bit()`來讀取字串，該字串就會被當作UTF-8來處理。
- `QTextCodec::availableCodecs()`可以列出QT所支援的格式。
- 在Visual Studio中，強制文件用UTF-8來存檔：`#pragma execution_character_set("UTF-8")`
- 在Visual Studio中，預設是以CP950存檔，所以字串**都不是**unicode，而是**multi-character**，所以要從Windows讀進來的字串，一律需要使用`QString::fromLocal8Bit("")`，而一旦轉為QString之後，就是UTF-8了，若需要再輸出回Windows，則需要`QString.toLocal8Bit().toStdString()`。
- 例：
```cpp
QString filename = QString::fromLocal8Bit("testplan中文檔名也可以.json");
QFile file(filename);
if (file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly | QIODevice::Text)) {
QTextStream fileRead(&file);
fileRead.setCodec("UTF-8");
QString fileContent = fileRead.readAll();
printf("fileContent = %s\n", fileContent.toLocal8Bit().toStdString().c_str());
file.close();
parseJson(fileContent);
}
else {
printf("Open failed. %s\n", filename.toLocal8Bit().toStdString().c_str());
}
```
- Visual Studio 2017 debug QString: [调试时直接显示QString的字符值（包含windows和linux）](https://blog.csdn.net/iamdbl/article/details/78343642)
#### Search
- `QString.indexOf()`
- `QString.lastIndexOf()`
#### Trim
- `QString.chop(5)`：去掉結尾的5個字元，inplace轉換，沒有回傳新字串。
- `QString.left(5)`：取最左邊5個字元
- `QString.right(5)`：取最右邊5個字元
#### Replace
- `QString.replace("original", "new")`：將"original"替換為"new"。
- 也支援regular expression
#### Split
- `QString.split(",")`：用","把字串分割，並回傳一個`QStringList`。
#### Regular Expression
- `.`：匹配任意1個字元
- `+`：此類型的匹配字元可以1個以上
- `*`：匹配任意多個字元
- `^`：表示開始位置
- `$`：表示結束位置
- `?`：表示前一個匹配條件不一定要成立
- `[]`：用括號來限制要匹配的字元
## Event
- 如果有特殊需求，可以重載`QWidget::event(QEvent*)`來達成。
### MouseEvent
- Get coordinate of component: `QMouseEvent::x()` & `QMouseEvent::y()`
- Get coordinate of window: `QMouseEvent::windowPos().x()` & `QMouseEvent::windowPos().y()`
- Get coordinate of screen: `QMouseEvent::screenPos().x()` & `QMouseEvent::screenPos().y()`
- `QPoint mapToGlobal(QPoint)`: Translates the widget coordinate pos to global screen coordinates.
- `QCursor::pos().x()` & `QCursor::pos().x()`: 也可以獲得screen coordinate。
- Get click
```
if (mouseEvent->buttons() & Qt::LeftButton) // or Qt::RightButton, Qt::MiddleButton
{
}
```
### MouseCursor
- 設定cursor click的位置：`QCursor cursor = QCursor(pixmap, -1, -1)`
- (-1, -1) 表示用cursor中心點為click點
- ( 0, 0) 表示用cursor左上角為click點
- 更換cursor：`setCursor(Qt::ArrowCursor)`
### ResizeEvent
- `void resizeEvent(QResizeEvent*)`
## QOpenGLWidget
- `void paintGL()`
- `void initialGL()`
- `void resizeGL(int w, int h)`
## QGLShaderProgram
- `addShaderFromSourceCode`
- `bindAttributeLocation`：設定傳入的變數
- `uniformLocation`：取得變數
## GL概念
### Vertex
#### Coordinate
```
float *vertexData = new float[12] {
1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f,
-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f,
1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
-1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
};
```
### Texture
#### Coordinate
材質座標永遠都在第一象限
```
float* textureVertexData = new float[8] {
1.0f, 0.0f,
0.0f, 0.0f,
1.0f, 1.0f,
0.0f, 1.0f,
};
```
#### 建立材質
- `glGenTextures(1, t);`
- `glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, *t);`
- `glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);`
- `glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);`
#### 寫入材質
- `glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);`
- `glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, idY);`
- `glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, pixelW, pixelH, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, plane[0]);`
```
glTexImage2D(
GL_TEXTURE_2D,
0, // 細節，預設0
GL_LUMINANCE, // GPU內部格式
pixelW,
pixelH,
0,
GL_LUMINANCE, // Pixel format
GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, // Data format
plane[0]);
```
- `glTexSubImage2D()`：修改texture
- `glUniform1i(textureUniformY, 0);`
- `glDrawArray(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);`
## GLSL
### 內建變數
- `gl_FragColor`
### 3種變數類型
- `varying`：vertex與shader共用，vertex運算完之後傳給shader使用。
- `attribute`：vertex使用，由`bindAttributeLocation`傳入
- `uniform`：由user傳入的資料，由`uniformLocation`得到pointer address，再由`glUniform1i(textureUniformY, 0)`來設定。
### Vertex Shader
```
attribute vec4 vertexIn;
attribute vec2 textureIn;
varying vec2 textureOut;
void main() {
gl_position = vertexIn;
textureOut = textureIn;
}
```
### Fragment Shader
```
varying vec2 textureOut;
uniform sampler2D texY;
uniform sampler2D texU;
uniform sampler2D texV;
void main() {
vec3 yuv;
vec3 rgb;
yuv.x = textue2D(texY, textureOut).r;
yuv.y = textue2D(texU, textureOut).r - 0.5;
yuv.z = textue2D(texV, textureOut).r - 0.5;
rgb = mat3(
1, 1, 1,
0, -0.39465, 2.03211,
1.13983, -0.5806, 0) * yuv;
gl_FragColor = vec4(rgb, 1);
}
```
### APIs
畫出矩形與材質
- `glVertexAttribPointer(ATTRIB_VERTEX, 2, GL_FLOAT, 0, 0, vertexVertices);`
- `glEnableVertexAttribArray(ATTRIB_VERTEX);`
- `glVertexAttribPointer(ATTRIB_TEXTURE, 2, GL_FLOAT, 0, 0, textureVertices);`
- `glEnableVertexAttribArray(ATTRIB_TEXTURE);`
# 檔案操作
## 開啟檔案對話框
```c++
QString selectedFilepath = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(
this,
tr("Select test plan file"), // 檔案選擇對話框左上角的提示
tr("."), // 檔案選擇對話框一開始的路徑
"(*.json);;All files(*.*)"); // 可選擇的副檔名
```
使用者所選擇的檔名會放在`selectedFilepath`，可以用`selectedFilepath.isEmpty()`來判斷使用者是不是真的有選擇檔案或是按了取消鍵。
## 存檔對話框
```c++
QString fileName = QFileDialog::getSaveFileName(
this,
tr("Save Address Book"), "", // 檔案選擇對話框左上角的提示
tr("Address Book (*.abk);;All Files (*)")); // 存檔的副檔名
```
# MISC
## 教學文
- [Qt教程，Qt5编程入门教程（非常详细）](http://c.biancheng.net/qt/)

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使用QTimer來反覆執行工作。
QTimer可以單次執行，也可以多次執行。
使用概念如下：
1. 建立 QTimer 物件，例如叫做 timer。
2. 連接QTimer的timeout signal到你的反應 function
3. 呼叫 timer->start()
Example:
```cpp
QTimer* timer = new QTimer(this);
connect(timer, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(update()));
timer->start(1000);
```
QTimer可以單次執行：
```cpp
QTimer::singleShot(200, this, SLOT(update());
```

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`qt-unified-windows-x86-4.0.1-1-online.exe` 預設的 server 真的很慢，甚至會發生校驗錯誤的情況。
可以在[Qt Downloads](https://download.qt.io/static/mirrorlist/)選 mirror server，然後在安裝的時候指定使用它。
例如我選的是 Yamagata University 的mirror server，如下：
```cmd
qt-unified-windows-x64-4.7.0-online.exe --mirror https://ftp.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/pub/qtproject/
```
下載速度從1 ~ 2 MB/s 進步到 25MB/s 左右。

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- `QApplication.setStyle()` 可以設定視窗風格（Windows、Vista、Fusion）
-